Wentworth
Institute of Technology
Understanding Membrane Distillation and Osmotic Distillation.
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| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Electronic eBook |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Hoboken :
John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated,
2007.
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
Full text (Wentworth users only) |
| Local Note: | ProQuest Ebook Central |
Table of Contents:
- Cover; Title Page; Copyright; Contents; Preface; Acknowledgments; About the Authors; Nomenclature; Chapter 1 General Introduction; 1.1 Overview of Distillation Processes; 1.2 Membrane Distillation (MD); 1.2.1 Historical Perspective; 1.2.2 MD Process; 1.3 Osmotic Distillation (OD); 1.3.1 Historical Perspective; 1.3.2 OD Process; 1.4 MD and OD as Alternatives to Established Stripping Processes; 1.4.1 Nonvolatile Solutes Retention; 1.4.2 Minimization of Heat Damage to Feed Components; 1.4.3 Organic Volatiles Retention; 1.4.4 Production of Highly Concentrated Solutions.
- 1.4.5 Utilization of Waste Heat or Heat from Natural Sources1.5 Established Stripping Processes; 1.5.1 Multistage Flash Distillation (MSF); 1.5.2 Multiple-Effect Distillation (MED); 1.5.3 Vapor Compression Distillation (VCD); 1.5.4 Freeze Concentration (FC); 1.5.5 Reverse Osmosis (RO); 1.5.6 Electrodialysis (ED); 1.6 Other Membrane Processes; 1.6.1 Microfiltration (MF); 1.6.2 Ultrafiltration (UF); 1.6.3 Nanofiltration (NF); 1.7 Concluding Remarks; Chapter 2 Theoretical Aspects of Membrane Distillation; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 MD Theory; 2.2.1 Preliminary Considerations.
- 2.2.1.1 Concentration Polarization2.2.1.2 Temperature Polarization; 2.2.2 Overall Approach to Theoretical Treatment; 2.2.3 Overall Driving Force, pb; 2.2.4 Overall Mass Transfer Coefficient, K; 2.2.4.1 Feed-Side Mass Transfer; 2.2.4.2 Membrane Mass Transfer; 2.2.4.3 Strip-Side Mass Transfer; 2.2.5 Vapor Pressure Polarization Coefficient, v; 2.2.5.1 DCMD; 2.2.5.2 AGMD; 2.2.5.3 SGMD; 2.2.5.4 VMD; 2.3 MD Membrane Requirements; 2.4 Effect of Operating Conditions on MD Performance; 2.4.1 Feed Temperature; 2.4.2 Strip Temperature; 2.4.3 Feed Solutes Concentration; 2.4.4 Feed Velocity.
- 2.4.5 Strip Velocity2.4.6 Membrane Type; 2.4.7 Summary of Conditions Affecting MD Performance; 2.5 MD Process Economics; 2.6 Concluding Remarks; Chapter 3 Theoretical Aspects of Osmotic Distillation; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 OD Theory; 3.2.1 Preliminary Considerations; 3.2.1.1 Concentration Polarization; 3.2.1.2 Temperature Polarization; 3.2.2 Overall Approach to Theoretical Treatment; 3.2.3 Overall Driving Force, pb; 3.2.3.1 Selection of an Osmotic Agent; 3.2.3.2 Calculation of pb; 3.2.4 Overall Mass Transfer Coefficient, K; 3.2.5 Vapor Pressure Polarization Coefficient, pb.
- 3.3 OD Membrane Requirements3.4 Effect of Operating Conditions on OD Performance; 3.4.1 Osmotic Agent Concentration; 3.4.2 Feed Solutes Concentration; 3.4.3 Feed Velocity; 3.4.4 Strip Velocity; 3.4.5 Feed and Strip Temperature; 3.4.6 Membrane Type; 3.4.7 Summary of Conditions Affecting OD Performance; 3.5 OD Process Economics; 3.6 Concluding Remarks; Chapter 4 Properties of Macroporous Hydrophobic Membranes; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Theoretical Aspects of Membrane Hydrophobicity; 4.3 Membrane Types; 4.3.1 Polypropylene (PP); 4.3.2 Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).