Cicero
![First-century AD bust of Cicero at the [[Capitoline Museums]], Rome](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8a/Bust_of_Cicero_%281st-cent._BC%29_-_Palazzo_Nuovo_-_Musei_Capitolini_-_Rome_2016.jpg)
He greatly influenced both ancient and modern reception of the Latin language. A substantial percentage of his work has survived, and he was admired by both ancient and modern authors alike. Cicero adapted the arguments of the chief schools of Hellenistic philosophy in Latin and created a large amount of Latin philosophical vocabulary via lexical innovation (e.g. neologisms such as , ''generator'', , ''infinitio'', , ), almost 150 of which were the result of translating Greek philosophical terms.
Though he was an accomplished orator and successful lawyer, Cicero believed his political career was his most important achievement. It was during his consulship that the Catiline conspiracy attempted to overthrow the government through an attack on the city by outside forces, and Cicero (by his own account) suppressed the revolt by summarily and controversially executing five conspirators without trial, an act which would later lead to his exile. During the chaotic middle period of the first century BC, marked by civil wars and the dictatorship of Julius Caesar, Cicero was a supporter of the Optimates faction. Following Caesar's death, Cicero became an enemy of Mark Antony in the ensuing power struggle, attacking him in a series of speeches. He was proscribed as an enemy of the state by the Second Triumvirate and consequently executed by soldiers operating on their behalf in 43 BC, having been intercepted during an attempted flight from the Italian peninsula. His severed hands and head (taken by order of Antony and displayed representing the repercussions of his anti-Antonian actions as a writer and as an orator, respectively) were then displayed on the Rostra.
Petrarch's rediscovery of Cicero's letters is often credited for initiating the 14th-century Renaissance in public affairs, humanism, and classical Roman culture. According to Polish historian Tadeusz Zieliński, "the Renaissance was above all things a revival of Cicero, and only after him and through him of the rest of Classical antiquity." The peak of Cicero's authority and prestige came during the 18th-century Enlightenment, and his impact on leading Enlightenment thinkers and political theorists such as John Locke, David Hume, Montesquieu, and Edmund Burke was substantial. His works rank among the most influential in global culture, and today still constitute one of the most important bodies of primary material for the writing and revision of Roman history, especially the last days of the Roman Republic. Provided by Wikipedia
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Orationes Cum Senatui gratius egit, Cum populo gratius egit, De domo sua, De haruspicum responsis / edidit Tadeusz Maslowski. by Cicero, Marcus Tullius
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De re publica ; De legibus ; Cato maior de senectute ; Laelius de amicitia / M. Tulli Ciceronis ; recognovit brevique adnotatione critica instruxit, J.G.F. Powell. by Cicero, Marcus Tullius
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3
In M. Antonium orationes Philippicae XIV / edidit Paulus Fedeli. by Cicero, Marcus Tullius
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M. Tvlli Ciceronis scripta qvae manservnt omnia ; Fasc. 4 Brutus. by Cicero, Marcus Tullius
Published 1970Call Number: Loading…Full text (Wentworth users only)
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5
Supplementum Ciceronianum. M. Tullii Ciceronis de virtutibus libri fragmenta : Praemissa sunt excerpta ex Antonii de la Sale operibus et commentationes / Marcus Tullius Cicero ; [a... by Cicero, Marcus Tullius
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6
Cicero's de Provinciis Consularibus Oratio / introduction and commentary by Luca Grillo. by Cicero, Marcus Tullius
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7
On duties / Marcus Tullius Cicero ; translated with introduction, notes, and indexes by Benjamin Patrick Newton. by Cicero, Marcus Tullius
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8
Cicero, Against Verres, 2.1.53-86 : Latin text with introduction, study questions, commentary and English translation / Ingo Gildenhard. by Cicero, Marcus Tullius
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Pro M. Aemilio Scauro oratio / recognovit Elżbieta Olechowska. by Cicero, Marcus Tullius
Published 1984Call Number: Loading…Full text (Wentworth users only)
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10
How to run a country : an ancient guide for modern leaders / Marcus Tullius Cicero ; selected, translated, and with an introduction by Philip Freeman. by Cicero, Marcus Tullius
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11
Orationes pro Cn. Plancio, pro C. Rabirio Postumo / recognovit Elżbieta Olechewska. by Cicero, Marcus Tullius
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12
On the republic ; and, On the laws / Marcus Tullius Cicero ; translated, with introduction, notes, and indexes, by David Fott. by Cicero, Marcus Tullius
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13
De divinatione ; De fato / Timaeus ; Ottonis Plasberg schedis usus, recognovit W. Ax. by Cicero, Marcus Tullius
Published 1965Call Number: Loading…Full text (Wentworth users only)
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14
Cicero, On Pompey's command (De imperio), 27-49 : Latin text, study aids with vocabulary, commentary, and translation / Ingo Gildenhard, Louise Hodgson, et al. by Cicero, Marcus Tullius
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15
Cicero De officiis / with an English translation by Walter Miller. by Cicero, Marcus Tullius
Published 1913Call Number: Loading…
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Tuculan disputations / with an English translation by J.E. King, LITT. D. by Cicero, Marcus Tullius
Published 1960Other Authors: “…Cicero, Marcus Tullius…”
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Cicero. De senectute, De amicitia, De divinatione / with an English translation by William Armistead Falconer. by Cicero, Marcus Tullius
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